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ワークショップ
RIKEN iTHEMSのアウトリーチについての研究会 2024
2024年11月15日(金) - 17日(日)
本年度の「RIKEN iTHEMSのアウトリーチについての研究会2024@仙台&ZOOM」を2泊3日の日程で、11月15日(金)-11月17日(日) にiTHEMS SUURI-COOL (Sendai) の協力のもと東北大学知の創出センター「知の館」において、対面で、Zoomを併用して開催いたします。
会場: 東北大学片平キャンパス 知の館 (メイン会場) / via Zoom
イベント公式言語: 日本語
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ワークショップ
Entanglements & Applications
2024年11月18日(月) 9:30 - 15:00
Myfanwy Evans (Professor, Institute of Mathematics, University of Potsdam, Germany)
Stephen Hyde (Emeritus Professor, Materials Physics, Australian National University, Australia)
Toky Andriamanalina (Ph.D. Student, Institute of Mathematics, University of Potsdam, Germany)9:30-10:30: Toky Andriamanalina Title: Untangling 3-periodic entanglements of filaments and nets Abstract: Entanglements of curves and nets can used to describe various biological and chemical structures, such as coordination polymers, liquid crystals, or DNA origami crystals. We recently developed new diagrammatic descriptions of 3-periodic entanglements. These new diagrams are drawn out of a projection along one axis of a unit cell of a 3-periodic structure. By using these diagrams, we define the notion of untangling number for 3-periodic structures, which is a measure of complexity of the entanglement. Thanks to this, it is now possible to characterise the least tangled structures that we call ground states, and in particular we show that the rod packings are the generic ground states of entanglements of curves. 10:30-11:00: coffee break 11:00 - 12:00: Stephen Hyde Title: Tangles... and untangles Abstract: Knots, braids, links, self-entangled nets, multiple catenated infinite nets... are examples of what we call, simply, “tangles”. They are relevant to molecular-scale (bio)materials, from duplexed ssRNA to metal-organic frameworks. We are interested in understanding: 1.Which tangles are “simple”? 2.How tangled is a tangle!? Our tangle toolkit is a simple one: we assemble helices into networks, allowing a broad spectrum of tangles to be built, from knots to tangled nets. Interesting “simple” tangles are entanglements of the edges of Platonic polyhedra [1] and entangled 2-periodic nets [2]. A proposed answer to point 2. above will be discussed. if there is time. The ideas are at present largely unpublished, and being working into a book to be published, we hope, in late 2025 [3]. 13:00 - 14:00: Myfanwy Evans Title: Can solvents tie knots? Helical folds of biopolymers in liquid environments. Abstract: Using a simulation technique based on the morphometric approach to solvation, we performed computer experiments which fold a short open flexible tube, modelling a biopolymer in aqueous environments, according to the interaction of the tube with the solvent alone. We find an array of helical geometries that self-assemble depending on the solvent conditions, including symmetric double helices where the strand folds back on itself and overhand knot motifs. Interestingly these shapes—in all their variety—are energetically favoured over the optimal helix. By differentiating the role of solvation in self–assembly our study helps illuminate the energetic background scenery in which all soluble biomolecules live. This event is organized with the Interdisciplinary Math Study Group.
会場: セミナー室 (359号室)
イベント公式言語: 英語
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セミナー
Machine learning applications in neutron star physics
2024年11月19日(火) 15:00 - 16:30
Márcio Ferreira (Researcher, Physics Department, University of Coimbra, Portugal)
The equation of state and the internal composition of a neutron star are still unanswered questions in astrophysics. To constrain the different composition scenarios inside neutron stars, we rely on pulsars observations and gravitational waves detections. This seminar shows different applications of supervised/unsupervised machine learning models in neutron stars physics, such as: i) extract the equation of state; ii) infer the proton fraction; iii) detect the possible existence of a second branch in the mass-radius diagram; and iv) detect the presence of hyperons. Márcio Ferreira is a researcher at the Center for Physics at the University of Coimbra, Portugal, focusing on the application of machine learning to astrophysics and materials science. His work utilizes generative and descriptive models to address key questions in these fields. With a PhD in high energy physics and a Master’s in quantitative methods for finance, Márcio also merges his expertise in physics with an interest in financial market dynamics.
会場: セミナー室 (359号室) 3階 359号室 (メイン会場) / via Zoom
イベント公式言語: 英語
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セミナー
Solving inverse problem via latent variable optimization of diffusion models: An application to CT reconstruction
2024年11月25日(月) 14:00 - 15:00
尾崎 翔 (弘前大学 大学院理工学研究科 助教)
Inverse problems are widely studied in various scientific fields, including mathematics, physics, and medical imaging (such as CT and MRI reconstructions). In this talk, I will present a novel method for solving inverse problems using the diffusion model, with an application to CT reconstruction. The diffusion model, which is a core component of recent image-generative AI, such as Stable Diffusion and DALL-E3, is capable of producing high-quality images with rich diversity. The imaging process in CT (i.e., CT reconstruction) is mathematically an inverse problem. When the radiation dose is reduced to minimize a patient's exposure, image quality deteriorates due to information loss, making the CT reconstruction problem highly ill-posed. In the proposed method, the diffusion model, trained with a large dataset of high-quality images, serves as a regularization technique to address the ill-posedness. Consequently, the proposed method reconstructs high-quality images from sparse (low-dose) CT data while preserving the patient's anatomical structures. We also compare the performance of the proposed method with those of other existing methods, and find that the proposed method outperforms the existing methods in terms of quantitative indices.
会場: セミナー室 (359号室) 3階 359号室 (メイン会場) / via Zoom
イベント公式言語: 英語
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コロキウム
第27回 MACSコロキウム
2024年11月25日(月) 14:45 - 18:00
濱崎 立資 (理化学研究所 開拓研究本部 (CPR) 濱崎非平衡量子統計力学理研白眉研究チーム 理研白眉研究チームリーダー)
榎戸 輝揚 (京都大学 大学院理学研究科 物理学・宇宙物理学専攻 物理学第二教室 准教授)14:45-15:00 ティータイムディスカッション 15:00-16:00濱崎 立資 博士(理化学研究所 開拓研究本部 非平衡量子統計力学理研白眉研究チーム 理研白眉チームリーダー)「量子力学による統計力学の基礎づけ」 16:15-17:15 榎戸 輝揚 博士(京都大学理学研究科 物理学・宇宙物理学専攻 物理学第2教室 准教授)「学際融合で進める宇宙時代のシスルナ科学へ」 17:15-18:00 継続討論会
会場: 京都大学 北部総合教育研究棟 1階 益川ホール
イベント公式言語: 日本語
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セミナー
The Long Road towards Quantum Simulations of the Standard Model
2024年12月6日(金) 11:00 - 12:00
Dorota Grabowska (Research Assistant Professor, InQubator for Quantum Simulations (IQuS), University of Washington, USA)
The Standard Model of Particle Physics, encapsulating the vast majority of our understanding of the fundamental nature of our Universe, is at its core a gauge theory. Much of the richness of its phenomenology can be traced back to the complicated interplay of its various gauged interactions. While massive theoretical and algorithmic developments in classical computing have allowed us to probe many of these aspects, there remain a plethora of open questions that do not seem amenable to these methods. With a fundamentally different computational strategy, quantum computers hold the potential to address these open questions. However, a long road lies ahead of us before this potential may be realized. In this talk, I discuss a key step on this journey: constructing lattice gauge Hamiltonians that can be efficiently simulated on digital quantum devices. In particular, I focus on recent work that develops a fully gauge fixed Hamiltonian for SU(2) without fermions. Not only is this formulation well-suited for "close to continuum" simulations, it is also significantly less non-local than might be initially expected.
会場: セミナー室 (359号室) 3階 359号室とZoomのハイブリッド開催
イベント公式言語: 英語
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セミナー
How Neural Networks reduce the Fermionic Sign Problem and what we can learn from them
2024年12月11日(水) 15:30 - 16:30
Johann Ostmeyer (Post-doctoral Fellow, Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Germany)
When simulating fermionic quantum systems, non-perturbative Monte Carlo techniques are often the most efficient approach known to date. However, beyond half filling they suffer from the so-called sign problem, i.e. negative "probabilities", so that stochastic sampling becomes infeasible. Recently, considerable progress has been made in alleviating the sign problem by deforming the integration contour of the path integral into the complex plane and applying machine learning to find near-optimal alternative contours. In this talk, I am going to present a particularly successful architecture, based on complex-valued affine coupling layers. Furthermore, I will demonstrate how insight gained from the trained network can be used for simpler analytic approaches.
会場: via Zoom / セミナー室 (359号室) 3階 359号室とZoomのハイブリッド開催
イベント公式言語: 英語
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セミナー
Detecting single gravitons with quantum sensing
2024年12月16日(月) 14:00 - 15:30
Germain Tobar (PhD Fellow, Stockholm University, Norway)
会場: セミナー室 (359号室) 3階 359号室
イベント公式言語: 英語
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セミナー
7th QGG Intensive Lectures: Emergence of space-time in matrix models
2024年12月17日(火) - 19日(木)
土屋 麻人 (静岡大学 教授)
Emergence of space-time is a key concept in matrix models as a nonperturbative formulation of string theory. In this lecture, starting with a brief introduction to nonperturbative effects in string theory, I will review various aspects of emergence of space-time in matrix models. The topics I discuss include dynamical triangulation, double scaling limit, eigenvalue instanton, large-N reduction, T-duality for D-brane effective theories (orbifolding), noncommutative geometry and covariant derivative interpretation. Finally, I will introduce the type IIB matrix model. (This is the 7th Intensive Lectures by Quantum Gravity Gatherings in iTHEMS. ) Program December 17 10.15~10.30 Registration and Coffee 10.30~12.00 Lecture 1 12.00~13.30 Lunch 13.30~15.00 Lecture 2 15.00~16.00 Coffee break 16.00~17.00 Lecture 3 17.30~19.30 Banquet December 18 10.15~11.45 Lecture 4 11.45~13.30 Lunch 13.30~15.00 Lecture 5 15.00~16.00 Coffee break 16.00~17.00 Lecture 6 December 19 10.15~11.45 Lecture 7 11.45~13.30 Lunch 13.30~15.00 Lecture 8 15.00~16.00 Coffee break 16.00~17.00 Lecture 9
会場: 研究本館 4階 435-437号室
イベント公式言語: 英語
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セミナー
Stochastic Normalizing Flows for Lattice Field Theory
2024年12月18日(水) 15:30 - 16:30
Elia Cellini (PhD, Department of Physics, University of Turin, Italy)
Normalizing Flows (NFs) are a class of deep generative models that have recently been proposed as efficient samplers for Lattice Field Theory. Although NFs have demonstrated impressive performance in toy models, their scalability to larger lattice volumes remains a significant challenge, limiting their application to state-of-the-art problems. A promising approach to overcoming these scaling limitations involves combining NFs with non-equilibrium Markov Chain Monte Carlo (NEMCMC) algorithms, resulting in Stochastic Normalizing Flows (SNFs). SNFs harness the scalability of MCMC samplers while preserving the expressiveness of NFs. In this seminar, I will introduce the concepts of NEMCMC and NFs, demonstrate their combination into SNFs, and outline their connections with non-equilibrium thermodynamics. I will conclude by discussing key aspects of SNFs through their application to Effective String Theory, SU(3) gauge theory, and conformal field theory.
会場: セミナー室 (359号室) 3階 359号室とZoomのハイブリッド開催
イベント公式言語: 英語
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ワークショップ
Pebbles in Planet Formation
2025年2月10日(月) - 13日(木)
Research on planet formation involves various approaches, including explorations of small solar system bodies, observations of protoplanetary disks, dust experiments, simulations, and theoretical studies. One of the primary objectives in this field is to develop a comprehensive theory that explains how kilometer-sized planetesimals form from micrometer-sized dust grains, drawing upon findings from these diverse research methods. This workshop will focus on the concept of pebbles, which play a crucial role in the planet formation process. Pebbles — typically defined as solids ranging from millimeter to centimeter in size — are intermediate building blocks in planet formation, though their definition varies depending on the context. Assuming pebbles has led to theoretical advances in mechanisms such as streaming instability and pebble accretion, which promote the formation and growth of planetesimals. Additionally, pebbles have been linked to barriers against dust growth, such as the bouncing barrier. Furthermore, observations of protoplanetary disks have revealed the size distribution and porosity of solids, while the strength and thermal conductivity of comets obtained by the Rosetta mission suggest the accumulation of pebbles due to disk instabilities. However, inconsistencies have been pointed out between pebble formation and theories of dust growth. This workshop aims to revisit and refine our understanding of solid materials implicated in planet formation, particularly in light of findings from solar system explorations and protoplanetary disk observations. We aim to reevaluate the definition and role of pebbles in the broader context of planet formation, with a special focus on the current challenges and open questions in the field. The workshop will include discussions of experiments and simulations of dust growth and collisions, and planetesimal formation mechanisms such as streaming instability. The workshop features keynote talks from the perspectives of explorations, observations, experiments, simulations, and theories, and we also call for presentations on related topics.
会場: 国立天文台三鷹キャンパス (メイン会場) / via Zoom
イベント公式言語: 英語
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ワークショップ
Third Workshop on Density Functional Theory: Fundamentals, Developments, and Applications (DFT2025)
2025年3月25日(火) - 27日(木)
The density functional theory (DFT) is one of the powerful methods to solve quantum many-body problems, which, in principle, gives the exact energy and density of the ground state. The accuracy of DFT is, in practice, determined by the accuracy of an energy density functional (EDF) since the exact EDF is still unknown. Currently, DFT has been used in many communities, including nuclear physics, quantum chemistry, and condensed matter physics, while the fundamental study of DFT, such as the first principle derivations of an accurate EDF and methods to calculate many observables from obtained densities and excited states. However, there has been little opportunity to have interdisciplinary communication. On December 2022, we had the first workshop on this series (DFT2022) at Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, and several interdisciplinary discussions and collaborations were started. On February 2024, we had the second workshop on this series (DFT2024) at RIKEN Kobe Campus, and more stimulated discussion occured. To keep and extend collaborations, we organize the third workshop. Since the third workshop, we extend the scope of the workshop to the development and application of DFT as well. In this workshop, the current status and issues of each discipline will be shared towards solving these problems by meeting together among researchers in mathematics, nuclear physics, quantum chemistry, and condensed matter physics. This workshop mainly comprises lectures/seminars on cutting-edge topics and discussion, while sessions composed of contributed talks is also planned.
会場: 融合連携イノベーション推進棟(IIB) 8階
イベント公式言語: 英語