NPPSGセミナー

Bubble wall dynamics from non-equilibrium quantum field theory

2026年10月21日(水) 13:30 - 15:00

Matthias Carosi (Postdoctoral Researcher, International Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific (ICTP-AP), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China)

First-order phase transitions in the early universe are a unique probe of physics beyond the Standard Model, with potential implications for electroweak baryogenesis, the formation of primordial black holes, magnetogenesis and the production of dark matter. Upcoming gravitational wave detectors may capture the imprint of such transitions, but to extract theoretical insights from these signals requires a precise understanding of the underlying dynamics. In this talk, I show how the language of non-equilibrium quantum field theory, combined with the two-particle-irreducible effective action, provides a natural framework for describing the dynamics of a bubble after nucleation. After a brief introduction to the closed-time-path formalism, I derive the dynamical equations governing the bubble and the plasma and identify all sources of friction for the bubble expansion. This framework unifies the pre-existing approaches within a single, consistent description. In the ultrarelativistic regime, I demonstrate how to compute the friction induced by the pair production of heavy scalar particles.

会場: セミナー室 (359号室) 3階 359号室とZoomのハイブリッド開催 / via Zoom

イベント公式言語: 英語

Four Fermi Theory in Four Dimensions is Renormalisable

2026年8月3日(月) 15:00 - 16:30

Charlie Cresswell-Hogg (Post-Doctoral fellow, Department of Physics, Sussex University, UK / Post-Doctoral fellow, Dortmund University, Germany)

We demonstrate the renormalisability of quantum field theories in four dimensions with elementary self-interacting Dirac fermions and to leading order in the limit of many fermion flavours Nf. Starting from the underlying divergence structure and using Gross-Neveu-type interactions as a template, we explain why extended four-fermion theories including higher-derivative interactions are well-defined, renormalisable, and predictive with only a few free parameters. We also provide the exact large-Nf leading beta functions of couplings and discuss quantum scaling dimensions, universality, 1/Nf corrections, and extensions to other types of four fermion interactions. Implications for effective theory and model building are indicated.

会場: via Zoom

イベント公式言語: 英語

Center-vortex condensation and monopole condensation in 4d gapped phases

2026年7月27日(月) 14:00 - 15:30

林 優依 (京都大学 基礎物理学研究所 学振特別研究員PD)

Two well-known scenarios for quark confinement are center-vortex proliferation and monopole condensation. We consider gauge-invariant criteria for center-vortex condensation and monopole condensation in terms of Z(N) 1-form symmetry. The condensation of a soliton can be characterized by the non-suppression of the partition function with a proper twisted boundary condition, and we utilize this idea for these criteria. With these definitions, we show that gapped phases with the center-vortex condensation necessarily exhibit the monopole condensation.

会場: セミナー室 (359号室) 3階 359号室とZoomのハイブリッド開催

イベント公式言語: 英語

Entanglement suppression for ΩΩ scattering

2026年7月17日(金) 15:00 - 16:30

曽根 克佳 (東京都立大学 大学院理学研究科 博士課程)

The S-matrix describing the scattering process can be expressed in terms of projection operators onto the allowed spin–flavor channels and the corresponding phase shifts. Using the entanglement entropy in the spin space of the two-particle state, one can define the entanglement power, which quantifies the ability of the S-matrix to generate entanglement in the system. By investigating the conditions under which the entanglement power of the S-matrix is minimized, namely, the conditions for entanglement suppression, one can derive relations among the phase shifts in different spin–flavor channels. Furthermore, by comparing these relations with the interaction Lagrangian, one can identify the underlying symmetries [1,2]. In this work, we apply the entanglement suppression framework to two-baryon scattering involving spin-3/2 baryons in the flavor decuplet [3]. Lattice QCD calculations have shown that the spin-0 ΩΩ system exhibits scattering close to the unitary limit. Combining this result with the relation between the phase shifts obtained from entanglement suppression, we discuss the scattering behavior of the spin-2 ΩΩchannel.

会場: 研究本館 4階 445-447号室 (メイン会場) / via Zoom

イベント公式言語: 英語

Symmetry origin of the quantum-classical transition, hydrodynamics, and decodability.

2026年6月26日(金) 14:00 - 16:00

Cenke Xu (Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA)

We discuss the following question: when a quantum system evolves into classical one, is there a sharp transition? We will show that the “strong-to-weak” spontaneous symmetry breaking (SW-SSB) provides a sharp onset of classical physics. We present the theoretical framework and summarize recent experimental progress toward observing SW-SSB. We will also discuss the consequence of the SW-SSB, including the emergence of hydrodynamics, and also its information aspect, such as the transition of decodability and distinguishability. Much of the theoretical analysis maps to a problem of defect in the Euclidean spacetime.

会場: セミナー室 (359号室) 3階 359号室とZoomのハイブリッド開催

イベント公式言語: 英語

't Hooft anomaly matching and symmetry enforced gaplessness

2026年6月1日(月) 13:00 - 14:00

大森 寛太郎 (理化学研究所 数理創造研究センター (iTHEMS) 数理基礎部門 上級研究員)

I will talk about the 't Hooft anomaly matching and its enforcement of gaplessness. I will also briefly touch on my recent work with Takamasa Ando on this topic.

会場: via Zoom / セミナー室 (359号室)

イベント公式言語: 英語

Basics of chiral lattice fermion

2026年5月18日(月) 13:00 - 14:00

山本 新 (理化学研究所 数理創造研究センター (iTHEMS) 数理展開部門 量子数理科学チーム 上級研究員)

会場: セミナー室 (359号室) (メイン会場) / via Zoom

イベント公式言語: 英語

Cooking up holographic black holes

2026年4月27日(月) 13:30 - 15:00

竹田 大地 (理化学研究所 数理創造研究センター (iTHEMS) 数理基礎部門 基礎科学特別研究員)

I have recently been investigating holography for open systems and have developed a method to compute correlation functions of a CFT governed by the Lindblad equation from its gravitational dual. In an open system, the state of the subsystem of interest cannot remain pure, and one naively expects its entropy to grow over time. It is then natural to expect that this thermalization process is accompanied, on the gravity side, by black hole formation. In this talk, after giving an overview of holography for open systems, I will present a numerical nonperturbative analysis of the dynamics of JT gravity coupled to a scalar field, and show that black holes indeed form in this setup.

会場: via Zoom / セミナー室 (359号室) 3階 359号室とZoomのハイブリッド開催

イベント公式言語: 英語