セミナー

Rational function semifields of dimension one

2025年11月7日(金) 13:30 - 15:30

宋 珠愛 (九州大学 大学院数理学研究院 助教)

Recently some researchers gave many studies toward algebro-geometric foundation for tropical geometry. I focused on rational function semifields of tropical curves and characterized them. With this characterization, in this talk, I suggest a definition of ``rational function semifield of dimension one". This definition can write out weight in the term of $\boldsymbol{T}$-algebra homomorphism, and can write balancing condition together with harmonic functions, where both weight and balancing condition are fundamental concepts for tropical varieties and $\boldsymbol{T}$ is the tropical semifield $(\boldsymbol{R} \cup \{-\infty\}, \operatorname{max}, +)$.

会場: セミナー室 (359号室) / via Zoom

イベント公式言語: 日本語

Pairing in Bose-Fermi and Fermi-Fermi systems

2025年11月6日(木) 15:00 - 16:30

Pierbiagio Pieri (Associate Professor, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Augusto Righi”, Università di Bologna, Italy)

This seminar is co-hosted by GWX-EOS Working Group and iTHEMS-ABBL Joint Astro Study Group. Abstract: In the first part of my talk, I will review recent work on Bose-Fermi mixtures with an attractive interaction inducing pairing between bosons and fermions. After discussing a recent experiment on this system [1], which has confirmed predictions obtained by us some time ago within a many-body diagrammatic approach [2], I will present novel results for the compressibility [3] that suggest a metastable nature for the many-body phase observed in [1]. Then, I will discuss the extension of our calculations to two-dimensional Bose-Fermi mixtures [4,5]. The results obtained in 2D challenge previous beliefs formulated for 3D systems. In the second part, I will discuss attractive polarized Fermi systems, for which the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phase was proposed many years ago as a possible superfluid phase. I will discuss how significant precursor FFLO fluctuation effects appear already in the normal phase of polarized Fermi gases at finite temperature [6], and how they could be experimentally detected with ultracold gases. At zero temperature [7], I will discuss how the quasi-particle parameters of the normal Fermi gas change when approaching an FFLO quantum critical point, with a complete breakdown of the quasi-particle picture analogous to what found in heavy-fermion materials at an antiferromagnetic quantum critical point. Finally, I will discuss a recent joint experimental-theoretical work on the motion of a vortex orbiting a pinned anti-vortex in a strongly interacting Fermi gas [8], highlighting the interplay between Andreev bound states in the vortex core and delocalized thermal excitations in shaping the vortex dynamics.

会場: セミナー室 (359号室) 3階 359号室とZoomのハイブリッド開催

イベント公式言語: 英語

Semiotic Rupture and the Emergence of Writing: Toward a Multimodal Model of Representational Innovation

2025年11月6日(木) 13:00 - 14:00

Joshua Englehardt (Professor, Center of Archeologist Studies, El Colegio de Michoacán, Mexico)
Michael D. Carrasco (Associate Dean for Research / Associate Professor, College of Fine Arts, Florida State University, USA)

Writing is a unique—and distinctively human—creation, one which arose independently in only six locations worldwide. From these primary sites of innovation, this relatively recent technology spread across the world. Its development is routinely lauded as one of humanity’s most important inventions, among its “greatest intellectual and cultural achievements,” and a key to human evolution. The scholar Florian Coulmas labels it “the single most important sign system ever invented on our planet. This presentation presents a theoretical framework for modeling the emergence, development, and structure of writing and other visual representational systems through a formal, processual lens. Building on Noam Chomsky’s distinction between internal language (I-language) and its externalization as E-language, we model writing as the mediated product of E-language and propose a set of visual analogues: I-image and E-image, understood as structurally similar generative systems. We offer a formal, cross- and multimodal model of writing and its development that treats it not as a codified extension of speech, but as a recursive reorganization of visual and linguistic generative systems. Rather than asking what writing is, we ask how it and other semiotic systems emerge. What tensions, pressures, and interactions catalyze their formation, transformation, and typological diversity? We contend that the semiotic dynamics that give rise to writing are not isolated or unique events, but are grounded in deeper processes, such as those underlying the emergence of image-making, that are already established in the cognitive evolution of Homo sapiens and plausibly present in ancestral hominins. That is, we see writing not as a spontaneous invention but as an emergent semiotic modality grounded in cognitive evolution and cultural externalization.

会場: セミナー室 (359号室) (メイン会場) / via Zoom

イベント公式言語: 英語

Introduction to Game Theory #2

2025年11月6日(木) 11:00 - 12:00

村瀬 洋介 (理化学研究所 数理創造研究センター (iTHEMS) 数理展開部門 数理社会科学チーム チームディレクター)

An introductory lecture on game theory to promote potential interdisciplinary collaborations. No prior knowledge is required — the lecture is intended for non-experts. We will cover the fundamental concepts to help you build an intuitive understanding of how game theory analyzes strategic interactions. After briefly reviewing the previous lecture, we will discuss mixed-strategy Nash equilibria and their computational complexity.

会場: セミナー室 (359号室) (メイン会場) / via Zoom

イベント公式言語: 英語

Quantum multi-body problems using unsupervised machine learning

2025年11月5日(水) 15:00 - 16:00

内藤 智也 (東京大学 大学院工学系研究科 原子核国際専攻 特任助教)

I will introduce the recent development of a method to calculate the (anti)symmetrized wave functions and energies of the ground and low-lying excited states using the unsupervised machine learning technique. I will also introduce the recent attempts to consider the spin-isospin degrees of freedom and extend them to the Dirac equation.

会場: セミナー室 (359号室) (メイン会場) / via Zoom

イベント公式言語: 英語

Introduction to Lean theorem prover

2025年10月31日(金) 14:00 - 17:00

水野 勇磨 (Postdoctoral Researcher, University College Cork, Ireland)

A theorem prover is a tool for the formalization of mathematics, that is, for rigorously expressing and verifying theorems and proofs on a computer. In recent years, the Lean theorem prover has seen progress in the formalization of a wide range of areas of mathematics. In this talk, I will explain formalization of mathematics in Lean from the basics and survey the formalized results achieved to date.

会場: via Zoom / セミナー室 (359号室) 3階 359号室

イベント公式言語: 英語

5th ComSHeL Seminar

2025年10月31日(金) 11:00 - 12:00

小谷 元子 (理化学研究所 領域総括)

Title: Discrete Geometric Analysis and its application to materials science Abstract: Discrete Geometric Analysis is a discrete version of Geometric Analysis. It is however not just its discretization but a development of methods to bridge discrete and continuum. I will explain those and share some applications to materials science with you.

会場: セミナー室 (359号室) 3階 359号室とZoomのハイブリッド開催 (メイン会場) / via Zoom

イベント公式言語: 英語

Operational Quantum Frames: from quantum mechanics to quantum field theory and beyond

2025年10月30日(木) 16:00 - 17:00

Jan Głowacki (Postdoc, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Austria)

In this talk I will begin with a concise overview of the development of the operational approach to quantum reference frames (QRFs), tracing the line from its foundational contributions to its most recent applications. I will then introduce the central ideas of the research direction that I am pursuing which aims at developing relational foundations for relativistic quantum physics. The starting point is the application of the operational QRF formalism to the context of the Poincaré group, and establishing connections between this emerging framework and existing formalisms in quantum field theory. This part of the talk will summarize results from a recent preprint written with Samuel Fedida [1]. I will conclude by outlining a number of open research directions, highlighting selected topics in more detail depending on the available time and the interests of the audience

会場: セミナー室 (359号室) (メイン会場) / via Zoom

イベント公式言語: 英語

Primordial black holes formation and its origin in inflation - Jianing Wang

2025年10月30日(木) 14:15 - 16:00

Jianing Wang (東京大学 カブリ数物連携宇宙研究機構 (Kavli IPMU) 特任研究員)

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are thought to form through gravitational collapse of regions with excessively large density in the early universe, and they could serve as seeds for the formation of galaxies. They are also considered one of the important candidates for cold dark matter (DM). Detecting and constraining the abundance of PBHs can provide an effective constraint on realistic inflationary models. In this talk, I will combine inflation models with gravitational waves (GWs) to discuss cosmological phenomena related to primordial black holes. In particular, I will emphasize a simplified toy model of inflation, which naturally enhances the small-scale scalar perturbations by gluing together two linear potentials with different slopes. The enhanced perturbations can not only generate primordial black holes but also emit gravitational waves through higher-order perturbations. This research demonstrates the significant potential of primordial black hole studies, and it naturally leads to a crucial question of how to accurately estimate the PBH abundance. In the latter part of the talk, I will introduce how to use peaks theory to estimate the abundance of primordial black holes. Our new method works well for any form of the power spectrum, and considering the use of more systematic statistical methods, we believe it is currently the most precise approach in the academic community.

会場: セミナー室 (359号室) 3階 359号室とZoomのハイブリッド開催

イベント公式言語: 英語

Inferring Phylogenetic Networks in the Genomic Era

2025年10月30日(木) 13:00 - 14:00

孔 星植 (理化学研究所 数理創造研究センター (iTHEMS) 数理基礎部門 研究員)

While phylogenetic trees (i.e., branching diagrams that depict the evolutionary history of different organisms) have been essential for understanding species evolution, they do not fully capture certain evolutionary processes, such as hybridization. In these cases, a phylogenetic network, which extends a phylogenetic tree by allowing two branches to merge into one and create reticulations, is needed. However, existing methods for estimating networks from genomic data become computationally prohibitive as dataset size and topological complexity increase. In this talk, I present the performance of popular computational methods that detect hybridization from genomic data as an alternative to the network inference, discussing their significance and limitations. I then explain how phylogenetic networks generalize trees to represent complex evolutionary histories and explore the biological interpretations that can be drawn from various branching patterns. Finally, I introduce PhyNEST (Phylogenetic Network Estimation using SiTe patterns), a novel method that efficiently and accurately infers phylogenetic networks directly from sequence data using composite likelihood. PhyNEST is implemented as an open-source Julia package and is available at https://github.com/sungsik-kong/PhyNEST.jl.

会場: 研究本館 3階 359号室 (メイン会場) / via Zoom

イベント公式言語: 英語

Sequence-encoded protein condensation: a statistical physics perspective

2025年10月23日(木) 13:00 - 14:00

足立 景亮 (理化学研究所 数理創造研究センター (iTHEMS) 数理基礎部門 研究員)

イベント公式言語: 英語

Asymptotic gravity waves in core-collapse progenitor stars

2025年10月22日(水) 16:30 - 17:30

ルーシー・マクニール (京都大学 白眉センター 特定助教)

Internal gravity waves (IGW) are generically excited at convective boundaries inside stars. During the final months before a massive stars’ core-collapse, the excited IGW carry energy and angular momentum so large that the wave transport can e.g. completely set the rotation period of the neutron star remnant. In this talk, I present the first three-dimensional simulation of a core-collapse progenitor with which we can characterise IGW generation and transport preceding core-collapse. First I will show that the energy carried by convectively generated IGW in our simulation is described remarkably well by the established asymptotic theory, which utilizes e.g. the WKB approximation. But, the IGW’s subsequent propagation and dissipation depends very sensitively on the rotation. And in 3D, the equilibrium rotation patterns that develop are too complex to be captured in the established asymptotic theory for wave transport. I will present the rich nonlinear wave dynamics in our 3D simulation responsible for angular momentum transport and wave dissipation. I will propose that the angular momentum transport is governed by a “mean flow” interaction between global rotation and IGW transport. Mean flow interactions can explain the periodic Easterly <-> Westerly sudden reversal of winds at the equator on Earth, Saturn and Jupiter. If such reversals are realised in massive stars, it has implications for several exotic phenomena. This includes IGW driven mass loss outbursts observed in the final months before core-collapse supernova, and also gamma ray burst progenitor stars - which require very extreme rotation at core collapse.

会場: セミナー室 (359号室) 3階 359号室とZoomのハイブリッド開催

イベント公式言語: 英語

Neural network wavefunctions for SU(2) lattice gauge theory in the Hamiltonian formulation

2025年10月22日(水) 15:00 - 16:30

Tom Spriggs (PostDoc, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience and QuTech, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands)

In this talk I will cover our recent preprint arXiv:2509.12323 where we propose a neural network approach to finding the ground state wavefunction of SU(2) lattice gauge theory. Specifically, we demonstrate that the use of bespoke SU(2)-gauge-equivariant neural network layers increases the extent to which our variational ansatz can represent the ground state of this system. During this talk I will contrast the Hamiltonian and Euclidean formalisms of lattice gauge theories, highlighting the promises that the former offers but also the difficulties: noting briefly the issues of parameterising the continuous Hilbert space that plague tensor network and quantum simulation approaches and how our approach alleviates this. I will try and present our method pedagogically as we are very interested in learning its uses but also the limits of its validity, before closing with some remarks on scaling to larger systems and different gauge groups.

会場: via Zoom

イベント公式言語: 英語

Simulating nonequilibirum quantum dynamics on Reimei

2025年10月21日(火) 10:00 - 12:00

早田 智也 (慶応義塾大学 医学部 准教授)

This is the third quantum computing gathering hold by quantum computing study group.

会場: via Zoom / セミナー室 (359号室)

イベント公式言語: 英語

Compact Association Schemes and Fourier Analysis

2025年10月17日(金) 15:00 - 17:00

中田 彬文 (広島大学 大学院先進理工系科学研究科 博士課程／日本学術振興会 特別研究員 DC)

Error-correcting codes are a fundamental tool in information and communication technologies. They can be viewed as collections of points in a space that are sufficiently far apart to allow error detection and correction. More broadly, coding theory studies good arrangements of points in spaces. This theory has been particularly developed in the frameworks of association schemes and compact homogeneous spaces, where harmonic analysis plays a central role. In this talk, we will begin with an introduction to error-correcting codes and then present compact association schemes, which we define as a generalization of these spaces in which harmonic analysis can be developed.

会場: 研究本館 3階 359号室とZoomのハイブリッド開催

イベント公式言語: 英語

Bonded Knotted Structures and Applications

2025年10月16日(木) 16:00 - 18:00

Sofia Lambropoulou (Professor, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Greece)

We present the theory of bonded knots and bonded knotoids, as well as their algebraic counterparts, the theory of bonded braids and bonded braidoids. We also discuss some applications to the topological study of proteins.

会場: via Zoom / セミナー室 (359号室)

イベント公式言語: 英語

Particle-in-Cell Simulations on Collisionless Shocks and Particle Acceleration in Black Hole Coronae

2025年10月16日(木) 14:00 - 15:15

Nhat-Minh Ly (大阪大学 大学院理学研究科 博士課程)

Multiple nearby Active Galactic Nuclei have been reported as sources of high-energy neutrinos detected by the IceCube observatory. These results strongly suggest efficient proton acceleration to (sub-)PeV energies, likely within Black Hole (BH) coronae, given the lack of γ-ray counterparts. The acceleration mechanisms remain unconfirmed due to limited understanding of coronal environments and challenges in modeling hot, relativistic plasmas. Although diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) has been proposed, a self-consistent treatment incorporating detailed kinetic plasma effects has been lacking. In this study, we present the particle-in-cell (PIC) method as a first-principles approach to investigate particle acceleration by collisionless shocks under conditions inferred from multi-wavelength observations of BH coronae. Using large-scale 1D3V simulations, we surveyed shock parameters, focusing on underexplored effects such as initial ion–electron temperature ratios and trans-relativistic shock velocities, and found that collisionless shocks can form even in hot, low-Mach plasmas. These shocks accelerate protons up to ~100 TeV, consistent with the energies required for IceCube neutrino detections, across a wide range of coronal conditions. The shocks partition ~10% of dissipated energy into nonthermal protons and <1% into electrons, providing critical, observationally testable constraints on the plasma state of BH coronae.

会場: セミナー室 (359号室) 3階 359号室とZoomのハイブリッド開催

イベント公式言語: 英語

Why complexity persists: Evolutionary dynamics of the amylase locus in primates

2025年10月16日(木) 12:30 - 13:45

Charikleia Karageorgiou (Postdoctoral Fellow, University at Buffalo, USA)

The amylase locus is among the most structurally variable regions of the human genome, frequently linked to starch digestion, metabolic traits, and dietary adaptation. Yet the causes of its recurrent duplication and exceptional variability remain unresolved. Why is this locus particularly prone to structural change? To address these questions, we analyzed 98 modern human genomes using long-read sequencing and optical mapping, alongside 53 high-quality primate assemblies. We identified 30 distinct amylase haplotypes in humans and documented more than 15 lineage-specific expansions and contractions across primates. Structural complexity appears to have been initiated by lineage-specific LTR insertions and subsequently shaped by non-allelic homologous recombination, with occasional contributions from microhomology-mediated break-induced replication. Independent duplications and salivary expression gains evolved repeatedly across primate lineages, but extensive within-species structural polymorphism is largely unique to humans. We further detected signatures of positive selection among primate paralogs, and dietary correlations with copy number suggest recurrent adaptive roles for amylase variation. The persistence of structural variation in this locus points to a unique combination of elevated mutational input, relaxed constraint, and ongoing selection, highlighting broader principles in the evolution of structurally unstable loci.

会場: via Zoom / セミナー室 (359号室)

イベント公式言語: 英語

Topological Field Theory Coupled to Parameter Spaces

2025年10月15日(水) 13:30 - 15:00

安藤 貴政 (京都大学 基礎物理学研究所 博士課程)

Topological quantum field theories (TQFTs) describe the IR fixed points of wide classes of gapped theories and are useful for studying many-body quantum phases of matter. In this talk, I will talk about TQFTs coupled to parameter spaces. I first explain the motivation for studying such TQFTs with parameter spaces from two perspectives: generalizing the description of the partition function with background gauge fields, and generalizing to invariants of many-body gapped phases over parameter spaces, known as the Berry phase. Then I will explain how these two are related by showing two physically motivated maps that connect them. The construction of these maps provides physical evidence for the Cobordism Hypothesis. I also discuss other related topics, such as the bulk-boundary correspondence. The talk is based on my ongoing work with Ryan Thorngren (UCLA).

会場: セミナー室 (359号室) 3階 359号室とZoomのハイブリッド開催

イベント公式言語: 英語

Temporal Evolution of Crustal Stress at Volcanoes During Periods of Unrest

2025年10月14日(火) 10:30 - 12:00

Eric Newland (Research Fellow, Faculty of Mathematical & Physical Sciences, University College London, UK)

Eruptions that occur at volcanoes after periods of quiescence are difficult to forecast. Pathways that connect the source to the surface may have become sealed. The pressurisation of the source leads to the deformation of the crust. Initially the crust deforms elastically, strain is accommodated via ground movement and elastic strain energy is stored to the crust. Then, the deformation transitions to inelastic where strain is accommodated via brittle failure (volcano-tectonic event), and elastic strain energy is transferred from the crust. We present a novel method to estimate the temporal evolution of elastic strain energy and bulk stress during periods of unrest. We consider the transfer of energy using measurements of surface deformation and seismic activity. We evaluate the temporal evolution of crustal bulk stress and investigate the progression of deformation in the crust. We apply our method to the unrest at the Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy from 2011-2024, and the eruption of Sierra Negra, Galapagos, 2018. Our calculations reveal that the bulk stress follows a characteristic progression, in which the stress initially increases linearly with time prior to the onset of significant seismicity, consistent with elastic deformation. We then observe a transition to inelastic deformation, when rate of elastic strain energy lost via fracturing increases and eventually exceeds the rate of elastic strain energy transferred to the crust. This results in a decrease in the bulk stress stored in the crust with time, indicating a progressive weakening of the crustal material due to seismicity-induced damage. Comparison with laboratory experiments show the behaviour is consistent with bulk failure in extension and the potential formation of new pathways in the crust. Finally, we demonstrate how our method, along with the understanding of eruption precursors gained from the results, can be used to constrain deformation regimes at reawakening volcanoes after extended repose and to evaluate the hazard posed during periods of unrest.

会場: Hybrid Format (RIKEN R-CCS room 107 and Zoom)

イベント公式言語: 英語