2022年7月25日13:30 - 15:00 (JST)

• 田島 裕康 (電気通信大学 大学院情報理工学研究科 助教)

• via Zoom

ホスト
Hidetoshi Taya

Recent developments in statistical mechanics have revealed a tradeoff between heat current and dissipation [1,2]. In various situations, this current-dissipation tradeoff represents a relationship between thermal energy flow and entropy increase, similar to Joule’s law W=RI^2.

On the other hand, the coherence effect on the current-dissipation tradeoff has not been thoroughly analyzed. Here, we systematically analyze how coherence affects the current-dissipation tradeoff [3]. The results can be summarized in the following three rules:

1. Quantum coherence between different energy levels strengthens the trade-off. In other words, the ratio between the square of the heat current and the entropy production ratio corresponding to electrical resistance R (hereafter referred to as "thermal resistance") is increased by the superposition of different energy levels.
2. Coherence between degeneracies weakens the trade-off. That is, thermal resistance is weakened by coherence between degeneracies.
3. With enough coherence between degeneracies, we can cancel the trade-off effectively and make the thermal resistance approximately zero. Then, macroscopic heat flow without entropy increase is realized.

These three results directly reveal the coherence effects on heat engine performance. That is, coherence between different energy levels reduces the performance, while coherence between degeneracies increases it. And when there is a sufficient amount of coherence between degeneracies, the efficiency can asymptotically reach the Carnot efficiency (η=η_{Car}-O(1/N)) while the power is O(N).

## References

1. N. Shiraishi, K. Saito, H. Tasaki, Universal Trade-Off Relation between Power and Efficiency for Heat Engines, Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 190601 (2016), doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.190601
2. A. C. Barato, U. Seifert, Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relation for Biomolecular Processes, Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 158101 (2015), doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.158101
3. H. Tajima, K. Funo, Superconducting-like Heat Current: Effective Cancellation of Current-Dissipation Trade-Off by Quantum Coherence, Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 190604 (2021), doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.190604

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